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aic1639 3-pin one-cell step-up dc/dc converter spec no: ds-1639-00 05/26/00 analog integrations corporation www.analog.com.tw 4f, 9 industry e. 9th road, science-based industrial park , hsinchu, taiwan, r.o.c. tel: (8863)577-2500 fax:(8863)577-2510 1 ?? features l guaranteed start-up from below 0.9 v. l high efficiency. l low quiescent current. l few number of external components needed. l low ripple and low noise. l fixed output voltage: 2.7, 3.0v, 3.3v, and 5v. l driver for external transistor. l space saving sot-89 and to-92 packages. ?? applications l pagers. l cameras. l wireless microphones. l pocket organizers. l battery backup suppliers. l portable instruments. ?? description the aic1639 is a high efficiency step-up dc/dc converter for applications using 1 to 4 battery cells. only three external components are required to d e - liver a fixed output voltage of 2.7, 3.0v, 3.3v, or 5v. the aic1639 starts up from below 0.9v input with 1ma load. pulse frequency modulation scheme brings optimized performance for applications with light output loading and low input voltages. the ou t - put ripple and noise are lower compared with the circuits operating in psm mode. the pfm control circuit operating in 100khz (max.) switching rate results in smaller passive comp o - nents. the space saving sot-89 and to-92 pac k - ages make the aic1639 an ideal choice of dc/dc converter for space conscious applications, like pagers, electronic cameras, and wireless micr o - phones. provided with an external transistor driver pin (ext), the aic1639 is recommended for applications r e - quiring current as large as several tens to several hundreds of milli-amperes. ?? typical application circuit aic1639-27 aic1639-30 aic1639-3 3 aic1639-50 gnd c 2 100 m f + ext d1 v out vout q1 2sd1803 10nf r1 300 l1 33 m h v in + c2 47 m f 100ma load current step-up converter
aic1639 3-pin one-cell step-up dc/dc converter spec no: ds-1639-00 05/26/00 analog integrations corporation www.analog.com.tw 4f, 9 industry e. 9th road, science-based industrial park , hsinchu, taiwan, r.o.c. tel: (8863)577-2500 fax:(8863)577-2510 2 ?? ordering information order number aic1639-27cx aic1639-30cx aic1639-33cx aic1639-50cx (sot-89) aic1639-27cz aic1639-30cz AIC1639-33CZ aic1639-50cz (to-92) pin configuration top view 1: gnd 2: vout 3: ext 1 2 3 1 2 3 top view 1: gnd 2: vout 3: ext aic1639 - xx cx package type x: sot-89 z: to-92 output voltage 27: 2.7v 30: 3.0v 33: 3.3v 50: 5.0v ?? absoluate maximum ratings s upply voltage ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? . 12v ext pin voltage ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? . -0.3v to vout+0.3v ext pin current ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? . 50ma power dissipation ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? . 500mw operating temperature range ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? .- 4 0 c to 8 5 c storage temperature range ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? - 65 c to 150 c lead tem perature (sordering 10 sec.) ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 260 c ?? test circuit f out ext aic1639 2.5v vout gnd oscillator test circuit
aic1639 3-pin one-cell step-up dc/dc converter spec no: ds-1639-00 05/26/00 analog integrations corporation www.analog.com.tw 4f, 9 industry e. 9th road, science-based industrial park , hsinchu, taiwan, r.o.c. tel: (8863)577-2500 fax:(8863)577-2510 3 n electrical characteristics (aic1639 ta=25 c, i o =10ma, unless otherwise specified) parameter test conditions symbol min. typ. max. unit output voltage v in =1.8v v in =1.8v v in =2.0v v in =3.0v v out 2.633 2.925 3.218 4.875 2.700 3.000 3.300 5.000 2.767 3.075 3.382 5.125 v input voltage v in 8 v start-up voltage i out =1ma, v in :0 ? 2v v start 0.8 0.9 v hold-on voltage i out =1ma, v in :2 ? 0v v hold 0.6 v no-load input current i out =0ma i in 18 m a supply current 1 ext at no load, v in =v out x 0.5 measurement of the ic input cu r - rent i dd1 45 50 60 80 m a supply current 2 ext at no load, v in =v out + 0.5 measurement of the ic input cu r - rent i dd2 7 m a ext ? h ? on-resistance v ext =v out ? 0.4v r exth 300 200 185 130 w ext ? l ? on-resistance v ext = 0.4v r extl 110 80 70 60 w oscillator duty cycle v in =v out x 0.95 measurement of the ic input cu r - rent duty 65 75 85 % max. oscillator freq. v in =v out x 0.95 measurement of the ic input cu r - rent f os c 80 105 130 khz efficiency h 80 %
aic1639 3-pin one-cell step-up dc/dc converter spec no: ds-1639-00 05/26/00 analog integrations corporation www.analog.com.tw 4f, 9 industry e. 9th road, science-based industrial park , hsinchu, taiwan, r.o.c. tel: (8863)577-2500 fax:(8863)577-2510 4 n typical performance characteristics inductor (l1) : 33 m h (pin type) capacitor (c1) : 47 m f (tantalum type) diode (d1) : 1n5819 schottky type transistor (q1) : 2sd1803 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 2.40 2.45 2.50 2.55 2.60 2.65 2.70 2.75 2.80 aic1639-27 loading regulation (l=33 m h) v in =2.0v v in =1.8v v in =1.5v v in =1.2v v in =0.9v output voltage (v) output current ( ma) 0 5 0 10 0 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 aic1639-27 efficiency (l=33uh) efficiency (%) output current ( ma) v in =2.0v v in =1.8v v in =1.5v v in =1.2v v in =0.9v 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.1 aic1639-30 load regulation (l=33 m h) output voltage (v) output current ( ma) v in =2.0v v in =1.8v v in =1.5v v in =1.2v v in =0.9v output current ( ma) 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 60 65 70 75 80 8 5 90 aic1639-30 efficiency (l=33uh) efficiency (%) v in =2.0v v in =1.8v v in =1.5v v in =1.2v v in =0.9v output voltage (v) output current ( ma) 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.4 aic1639-33 loading regulation (l=33 m h) v in =2.0v v in =1.5v v in =1.2v output current ( ma) efficiency (%) 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 aic1639-33 efficiency (l=33 m h) v in =2.0v v in =1.5v v in =0.9v
aic1639 3-pin one-cell step-up dc/dc converter spec no: ds-1639-00 05/26/00 analog integrations corporation www.analog.com.tw 4f, 9 industry e. 9th road, science-based industrial park , hsinchu, taiwan, r.o.c. tel: (8863)577-2500 fax:(8863)577-2510 5 n typical performance characteristics (continued) output voltage (v) output current ( ma) aic1639-50 load regulation (l=33 m h) 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 3.25 3.50 3.75 4.00 4.25 4.50 4.75 5.00 5.25 v in =3.0v v in =2.0v v in =1.5v v in =0.9v v in =1.2v output current ( ma) 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 aic1639-50 efficiency (l=33 m h) efficiency (%) v in =3.0v v in =2.0v v in =1.5v v in =0.9v v in =1.2v output voltage (v) output current ( ma) 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 aic1639-27 start-up & hold-on voltage (l=33 m h) start up hold on output current ( ma) 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 aic1639-30 start-up & hold-on voltage (l=33 m h) start up hold on input voltage (v) output current ( ma) 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 aic1639-33 start-up & hold-on voltage (l=33 m h) input voltage (v) start up hold on output current ( ma) input voltage (v) aic1639-50 start-up & hold-on voltage (l=33 m h) 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 start up hold on
aic1639 3-pin one-cell step-up dc/dc converter spec no: ds-1639-00 05/26/00 analog integrations corporation www.analog.com.tw 4f, 9 industry e. 9th road, science-based industrial park , hsinchu, taiwan, r.o.c. tel: (8863)577-2500 fax:(8863)577-2510 6 n typical performance characteristics (continued) output current ( ma) 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 aic1639-33 start-up & hold-on voltage (l=33 m h) input voltage (v) start up hold on output current ( ma) input voltage (v) aic1639-50 start-up & hold-on voltage (l=33 m h) 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 start up hold on output current ( ma) -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 aic1639 output voltage vs temperature output voltage (v) v out = 3.3v v out = 3.0v v out = 2.7v v out =5.0v output current ( ma) -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 125 130 135 aic1639 switching frequency vs temperature switching frequency (khz) v out = 5.0v v out = 3.3v v out = 3.0v v out = 2.7v output current ( ma) -40 - 20 0 20 40 60 80 100 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 aic1639 maximum duty cycle vs temperature maximum duty cycle (%) v out = 2.7v v out = 3.0v v out = 3.3v v out = 5.0v -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 aic1639 supply current vs temperature supply current idd1 ( m a) temperature ( c) v out = 5.0v v out = 3.3v v out = 3.0v v out = 2.7v
aic1639 3-pin one-cell step-up dc/dc converter spec no: ds-1639-00 05/26/00 analog integrations corporation www.analog.com.tw 4f, 9 industry e. 9th road, science-based industrial park , hsinchu, taiwan, r.o.c. tel: (8863)577-2500 fax:(8863)577-2510 7 n typical performance characteristics (continued) -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 aic1639 ext "l" on-resistance resistance ( ) temperature ( c) v out = 2.7v v out = 3.0v v out = 3.3v v out = 5.0v temperature ( c) -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 40 80 120 160 200 240 280 320 360 400 aic1639 ext "h" on-resistance resistance ( ) v out = 2.7v v out = 3.0v v out = 3.3v v o ut = 5.0v ?? block d i agram + gnd vout ext 1.25v ref . 1m e nable - osc, 100khz ?? pin description s pin1 : gnd - gro und. must be low impedance; sorder directly to ground plane. pin2 : vout - ic supply pin. connect vout to the regulator output. ext ? push pull driver output for external power switch.
aic1639 3-pin one-cell step-up dc/dc converter spec no: ds-1639-00 05/26/00 analog integrations corporation www.analog.com.tw 4f, 9 industry e. 9th road, science-based industrial park , hsinchu, taiwan, r.o.c. tel: (8863)577-2500 fax:(8863)577-2510 8 ?? application information general description aic1639 pfm (pluse frequency modulation) controller ics combine a switch mode regulator, push pull driver (aic1639), precision voltage reference, and voltage detector in a single monolithic device. they offer both extreme low quescient current, high efficiency, and very low gate threshold voltage to ensure start-up with low battery voltage ( 0.8v typ.). designed to max i - mize battery life in protable products, and minimize switching losses by only switching as needed service the load. pfm controllers transfer a discreate amount of energy per cycle and regulate the output voltage by modula t - ing switching frequency with the constant turn-on time. switching frequency depends on load, input voltage, and inductor value, and it can range up to 100khz. when the output voltage drops, the error comparator enable 100khz oscillator that turns on the mosfet around 7.5us and 2.5us off time. turning on the mosfet allows inductor current to ramp up, storing energy in a magnetic field. when mosfet turns off that forces inductor current through diode to the ou t - put capacitor and load. as the stored energy is d e - pleted, the current ramp down until the diode turns off. at this point, inductor may ring due to residual energy and stray capacitance. the output capacitor stores charge when current flowing through the diode is high, and release it when current is low, thereby maintai n - ing a steady voltage a c ross the load. as the load increases, the output capacitor di s - charges faster and the error comparator initiates c y - cles sooner, increasing the switching frequency. the maximum duty cycle ensure adequate time for energy tranfer to output during the second half each cycle. depending on circuit, pfm controller can operate in either discontinuous mode or continuous conduction mode. continuous conduction mode means that the inductor current does not ramp to zero during each cycle. + vin sw v out ext i d i out isw ico i in i pk i in v ext i sw i out t dis charge co. v sw discharge co. i d t discontinuous conduction mode
aic1639 3-pin one-cell step-up dc/dc converter spec no: ds-1639-00 05/26/00 analog integrations corporation www.analog.com.tw 4f, 9 industry e. 9th road, science-based industrial park , hsinchu, taiwan, r.o.c. tel: (8863)577-2500 fax:(8863)577-2510 9 i pk i in v ext i sw i out v sw i d t continuous conduction mode at the boundry between continuous and discontin u - ous mode, output current (iob) is determined by i ob = ( ) x 1 ton l vin 2 1 vd vout vin - ? ? ? ? + where vd is the diode drop, x = (ron+rs)ton/l. ron= s witch turn on resistance, rs= inductor dc r e - sistance ton = switch on time in the discontinuous mode, the switching frequency (fsw) is fsw = ) x (1 ton vin vin)(iout) vd 2(l)(vout 2 2 + - + in the continuous mode, the switching frequency is fsw= ( ) )] vsw vd vout vsw vin ( 2 x [1 vsw) vd (vout vin vd vout ton 1 - + - + - + - + ? ? ? ? - + - + @ vsw vd vout vin vd vout ton 1 where vsw = switch drop and proportion to output cu r - rent. inductor selection to operate as an efficient energy transfer element, the inductor must fulfill three requirement. first, the indu c - tance must be low enough for the inductor to store adquate energy under the worst case condition of minimum input voltage and switch on time. second, the inductance must also be high enough so max i - mum current rating of aic163 9 and inductor are not exceed at the other worst case cindition of maximum input voltage and on time. lastly, the inductor must have sufficiently low dc resistance so excessive power is not lost as heat in the windings. but unf o - trunately this is inversely related to physical size. minimum and maximum input voltage, output voltage and output current must be established before and i n - cuctor can be s e lected. in discontinuous mode operation, at the end of the switch on time, peak current and energy in the indu c - tor build a c cording to ? ? ? ? + - - ? ? ? ? + = ton) l rs ron exp( 1 rs ron vin i pk ( ) ? ? ? ? - ? ? ? ? @ 2 x 1 ton l vin ton l vin @ (simple lossless equation), where x=(ron+rs)ton/l e l = 2 ipk l 2 1 power required from the inductor per cycle must be equal or greater than ) fsw 1 ( vin)(iout) vd (vout /f p sw l - + = in order for the converter to regulate the output. when loading is over iob, pfm controller operates in continuous mode. inductor peak current can be derived from ? ? ? ? - ? ? ? ? - + ? ? ? ? - - - + = 2 x 1 ton 2l vsw vin iout 2 x vsw vin vsw vd vout i pk
aic1639 3-pin one-cell step-up dc/dc converter spec no: ds-1639-00 05/26/00 analog integrations corporation www.analog.com.tw 4f, 9 industry e. 9th road, science-based industrial park , hsinchu, taiwan, r.o.c. tel: (8863)577-2500 fax:(8863)577-2510 10 valley current (iv) is ? ? ? ? - ? ? ? ? - - ? ? ? ? - - - + = 2 x 1 ton 2l vsw vin iout 2 x vsw vin vsw vd vout iv table 1 indicates resistance and height for each coil. power inductor type inductance ( m h ) resistance ( w ) rated current (a) hieght (mm) 47 0.25 0.7 sumida smt type cd54 100 0.50 0.5 4.5 47 0.25 0.7 hold smt type pm54 100 0.50 0.5 4.5 hold smt type pm75 33 0.11 1.2 5.0 huan feng pin type v0810 33 40m 2 10.0 capacitor selection a poor choice for a output capacitor can result in poor efficiency and hight output ripple. ordinary aluminum electrolytics, while inexpensive may have unacceptably poor esr and esl. there are low esr aluminum c a - pacitors for switch mode dc-dc converters which work much better than general porpuse unit. tantalum c a - pacitors provide still better performance at more expe n - sive. os-con capacitors have extremely low esr in a small size. if capacitance is reduced, output ripple will increase. most of the input supply is supplied by the input b y - passs capacitor, the capacitor voltage rating should be at least 1.25 times greather than a maximum input vol t - age. diode selection speed, forward drop, and leakage current are the three main consideration in selecting a rectifier diode. best performance is obtained with schottky retifier diode such 1n5819. motorola makes mbr0530 in surface mount. for lower output power a 1n4148 can be used although efficiency and start-up voltage will suffer su b - stantially. component power dissipation opeating in discontinuous mode, power loss in the winding resistance of inductor can be approximate equal to ( ) ( ) pout vout vd vout rs l ton pd l ? ? ? ? + ? ? ? ? = 3 2 where pout=vout * iout ; rs=inductor dc r; v d = d i ode drop. the power dissipated in a switch loss is ( ) ( ) pout vout vin vd vout ron l ton pdsw ? ? ? ? - + ? ? ? ? = 3 2 the power dissipated in rectifier diode is ( ) pout vout vd pdd ? ? ? ? =
aic1639 3-pin one-cell step-up dc/dc converter spec no: ds-1639-00 05/26/00 analog integrations corporation www.analog.com.tw 4f, 9 industry e. 9th road, science-based industrial park , hsinchu, taiwan, r.o.c. tel: (8863)577-2500 fax:(8863)577-2510 11 ?? physical dimensions l sot-89 (unit: mm) symbol min max a 1.40 1.60 b 0.36 0.48 c 0.35 0.44 d 4.40 4.60 d1 1.62 1.83 e 2.29 2.60 e 1.50 (typ.) e1 3.00 (typ.) h 3.94 4.25 b e h e1 d d1 a c l e l 0.89 1.20 l sot-89 marking part no. marking aic1639-27 au27 aic1639-30 au30 aic1639-33 au33 aic1639-50 au50 l to-92 (unit: mm) symbol min max a 4.32 5.33 c 0.38 (typ.) d 4.40 5.20 e 3.17 4.20 e1 1.27 (typ.) a l e1 d c e l 12.7 -

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